Non-epithelial ovarian cancer:CT,MRI findings and corresponding pathological basis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the CT and MRI findings and corresponding pathological basis of non-epithelial ovarian cancer (NEOC).Methods The CT,MRI and clinical data of 74 patients with NEOC proved by surgical pathology were reviewed retrospectively.CT plain scan was performed in 57 cases,and CT enhancement scan was performed in 52 cases;MRI plain scan was performed in 17 cases,and MRI enhancement scan was performed in 11 cases;CT and MRI scans were performed together in 3 cases.Results Among the 74 patients,there were 23 mature teratomas (25 lesions),2 immature teratomas,8 strumas,10 yolk sac tumors,6 dysgerminomas,7 granulosa cell tumors,11 thecomas,5 fibromas and 2 sertoli-leydig cell tumors.97.3% (72/74)of the lesions were unilateral.There were 88.0% (22/25)and 92.0% (23/25)detection rate of calcification and fat in teratomas,respectively.On contrast enhancement,the immature teratoma showed significant enhancement,whereas the mature teratoma showed mild enhancement.On plain CT,strumas presented as multilocular cystic-solid masses,with calcification in 5 cases.After contrast agent administration,the solid portions showed marked enhancement.Tortuous vessels were seen in 7 yolk sac tumors.The linear hypointensity in dysgerminoma on T2WI showed marked enhancement.The granulosa cell tumors were cystic-solid masses,and 4 cases with increased estradiol.Solid mass with mild enhancement were present in thecomas and fibromas,and there were 8 cases with ascites.CT findings of 2 sertoli-leydig cell tumors were cystic-solid masses with significant enhancement of the cystic wall on contrast CT.Conclusion NEOC have some certain CT and MRI characteristics.Teratomas often contain calcification and fat.Strumas:multilocular cystic-solid masses.Yolk sac tumor:tortuous vessels.Dysgerminoma:marked linear enhancement.

Imaging features and pathological basis of seminoma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To analyze the imaging findings and pathological basis of seminoma and improve the understanding and diagnostic accuracy.Methods The imaging findings of seminoma in 67 patients proved by histopathology were analyzed retrospectively.The tumor location,size,contour,periphery,density or signal and contrast enhancement patterns were evaluated,and these were compared with the pathological results.Results All of the 67 cases were male.46 cases were located in testicular,10 cases in the pelvic cavity,6 cases in the peritoneal and retroperitoneal,4 cases in the mediastinum,1 case in the brain.On non-enhanced CT,testicular lesions appeared to be nodular or lobular masses with clear margin.Some cases showed cystic-solid masses.And the solid component was located in the edge of the lesion,and the irregular necrosis areas of low density was located in the center.Fat and calcification component were not found in the mass.After contrast administration,the masses showed heterogeneous enhancement.The thickened and tortuous testicular arteries were seen in 11 cases in arterial phase,and thickened and twisted testicular veins were seen in 9 cases in the venous phase.The imaging findings of the mass at the other location were without features.Conclusion Testicular seminoma has significant characteristics,thickened testicular arteries and/or draining veins on enhanced CT can help the diagnosis.Imaging features of extragonadal primary seminoma are not characteristic.Combined with clinical history and signs,it is possible to improve the diagnostiic accuracy of seminoma.

CT findings of ovarian sertoli-leydig cell tumor / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the CT findings of ovarian sertoli-leydig cell tumor (SLCT),to improve the understanding of SLCT imaging features.Methods CT images of 6 cases were reviewed retrospectively.CT plain scan was performed in 6 patients;CT enhancement scan was performed in 4 patients.Results All tumors were unilateral.On non-enhanced CT,5 cases showed cystic-solid masses with clear margin,and 1 case showed solid mass.After contrast administration,the cystic walls,septum and solid portions showed progressively obvious enhancement.Of these 6 cases, 3 cases showed increased testosterone levels,2 cases had high prolactin level,and 1 case was with raised AFP in plasma.Positive expressions of immunohistochemical markers were as following:Inhibin-α (6 cases),Vimentin (4 cases),Calretinin (2 cases), CD99 (1 case), Ki-67 (1 case), CK20 (1 case).Conclusion CT findings of SLCT have some certain characteristics, especially a unilateral, cystic-solid and well-defined mass, and marked solid part enhancement on contrast CT.Combined with clinical findings, especially increased plasma testosterone levels, SLCT should be included in the differential diagnosis of regional tumors.

Benign ovarian cystic lesions: CT and MRI findings / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the CT and MRI features of benign ovarian cystic lesions (BOCL) and to improve the understanding of imaging features.Methods CT and MRI findings were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed in 48 patients with BOCL proved by surgical pathology.CT scan was performed in 35 cases, among which 20 cases were performed with CT enhancement scan;MRI scan was performed in 8 cases, among which 3 cases were performed with MRI enhancement scan and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI).Five cases were performed with both CT and MRI.Results There were 11 cysts (3 simple cysts, 3 corpus luteum cyst, and 5 endometriotic cyst), 10 serous cystadenomas with 13 lesions, 8 mucinous cystadenomas, 9 teratomas with 10 lesions, and 10 struma ovarii.The CT and MRI characteristics of the lesions in size, shape,thickness of cyst wall,wall nodule,density or signal intensity,and enhancement features were helpful in differential diagnosis of BOCL.Conclusion CT and MRI findings of BOCL have certain characteristics, which is significant in the diagnosis, preoperative evaluation and prognosis.

Malignant adrenal tumors:CT and MRI findings with corresponding pathological basis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the CT and MRI features of malignant adrenal tumors(MAT)for improving the understanding of the disease and imaging diagnosis.Methods CT and MRI findings were retrospectively reviewed in 1 7 patients with MAT proved by surgical pathology.CT scan was performed in 1 7 cases,and CT enhancement scan was performed in 14 cases;MRI scan was comple-ted in 3 cases,and MRI enhancement scan was performed in 2 cases;CT and MRI scans were examinated in 3 cases.Results Among 1 7 patients with MAT,there were 3 adrenocortical carcinomas,2 neuroblastomas,1 malignant pheochromocytoma,1 lymphoma,1 leiomyosarcoma,and 9 adrenal metastatic tumors.The CT and MRI characteristics in size,shape,boundary,density or signal,and en-hancement features,can discriminate MAT.Conclusion CT and MRI findings of some MAT have a certain characteristic;The ima-ging findings combined with clinical data are helpful in correctly making preoperative diagnosis.